Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) perpetual market

Advanced Micro Devices is a leading semiconductor company and the principal challenger to Intel in central processors and to NVIDIA in graphics and AI accelerators. Founded in 1969, AMD spent decades as the scrappier number two before a dramatic turnaround under chief executive Lisa Su, who took over in 2014 and steered the launch of its Zen processor architecture. Its Ryzen chips for PCs and EPYC chips for data-center servers won substantial market share from Intel by delivering strong performance and efficiency, and its Radeon line competes in graphics. AMD is a fabless designer, meaning it outsources manufacturing to foundries such as TSMC, which let it move quickly to advanced production. It has pushed into the AI accelerator market with its Instinct data-center GPUs, positioning itself as the main alternative to NVIDIA. AMD is a closely watched barometer of the competitive semiconductor landscape.