Eli Lilly (LLY) perpetual market

Eli Lilly is one of the world's largest and most valuable pharmaceutical companies, founded in 1876. It has a long history in medicines including insulin, which it was the first to mass-produce, and treatments across diabetes, cancer, immunology and neuroscience. In recent years Lilly's valuation has soared on the strength of its incretin drugs, which mimic gut hormones to control blood sugar and drive dramatic weight loss. Its diabetes treatment and its related obesity medicine became blockbusters amid enormous demand for weight-loss therapies, a market analysts expect to be one of the largest in pharmaceutical history, and the company has invested heavily to expand manufacturing to keep up. Lilly also has a closely watched pipeline, including experimental treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Competing most directly with Novo Nordisk in the obesity space, Eli Lilly has become one of the defining growth stories in healthcare and a heavyweight in major indices.